The surname "Schultz" has German origins and is derived from the Middle High German word "schultheize" or "schultheiss," which means "sheriff" or "village headman." The term "schultheize" originally referred to an official who served as an administrator, judge, or mayor in medieval German villages. Over time, "Schultz" became a common occupational surname, indicating someone who held the position of a village headman or a local official. The role of a "Schultz" varied depending on the region and time period but generally involved administrative duties and maintaining law and order within the community.